Doom 3/Enemies

The following is a list of enemies in Doom 3 and its expansion pack, Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil. Most of the enemies in the games are demons from Hell. Most are also alterations of enemies from the original Doom games.

Zombies
Zombies are UAC personnel that have become possessed and zombified by demons from Hell. They appear in these varieties:
 * Zombie: A basic zombie, attacking with a variety of mêlée weapons, such as its fists, flashlights, and wrenches. Although there are a number of cosmetically (and sometimes comedic) different variations (including one which is entirely headless, making extra damage by headshots impossible), their attacks and durability remain the same.
 * Fat Zombie: Behaves like a basic zombie but is fatter, making it slower, capable of inflicting more damage with one strike, and able to absorb more damage.
 * Flaming Zombie: A perpetually aflame zombie that rushes at the player. It is most probably set alight by walking into an open flame, since zombies do not avoid danger and they feel no pain they will not notice that they are on fire and carry on seeking out victims to feed on. It attacks with sluggish arm movements. In the book The Making of Doom 3, it is revealed that this zombie was affectionately named 'Bernie' by the game's designers.
 * Chainsaw Zombie: As its name implies, this particularly burly zombie wields a chainsaw, a batch of the tools were sent to the UAC facility mistakenly instead of being sent to whichever forested destination they were needed in (there was actually supposed to be a shipment of jackhammers destined for the UAC facility, most probably intended for use in the archaeological dig where the Martian artifacts where found). It is faster than regular zombies and laughs insanely upon sighting the player. This zombie was dubbed 'Sawyer' by designers.
 * Z-Secs: UAC security personnel that have been possessed. As former soldiers, they are better armed and display more sophisticated attacking methods than the zombie civilians. A Z-Sec can be found using a pistol, shotgun, or machine gun. The machine gun Z-Sec zombie always wears a full helmet, thereby concealing the zombification's effects on its facial features, which can confuse the player into thinking its an ally. The pistol Z-Sec is the only type that does not usually wear a helmet, meaning it is the only one which sustains extra damage from headshots. Rarely, a pistol Z-Sec may come with a helmet and shield. The shotgun Z-Sec's weapon has less spread (5°) than the player's shotgun (22°), making it surprisingly accurate. Their presence can be heard by their (incomprehensible) radio chatter.
 * Zombie Commando: A larger, more muscular zombie. Two varieties exist: one wields a chaingun that deals decent damage, the other rushes and attacks with an extending demonicly enhanced tentacle.

Imp
Imps are the basic cannon fodder that are encountered. They are humanoid in appearance, with gray skin, fourteen small light-emitting orange eyes, and bony scales on their upper arms. They attack either by launching fireballs that travel in a parabolic path, or by slashing at the player with elongated claws. They also have the ability to leap at the player from afar, pushing the victim and causing damage. They can be seen to drop down from the ceiling from time to time, though they do not crawl on the ceiling or walls to any tactical advantage. They also have a tendency to run from a fight and hide in the shadows to surprise the player. In the Hell level of Doom 3, the Imps have orange skin and a rocky frame ,much like other enemies in hell.

Examining the computer screens in an autopsy room reveal that an Imps physiology is similar to that of a humans (particularly the shape of the skull). It is possible that Imps were once humans, twisted and transformed by the powers of Hell. Other evidence for this is that they are sometimes shown wearing stretched pants, such as in the example image.

Pinky
The Pinky (a.k.a. Pinky Demon or Bull Demon) is a half-mechanical, lumbering beast that attacks with its jaws. It stomps around on four legs, with the two rear legs mechanical in nature. Its top half is hunchbacked and muscular. It shows its true power in its first cutscene when it stands on a metal guard rail and completely bends it forwards, then it tries to break its way through the door (there are visible dentmarks that appear as it rams the door), it then decides just to go for the simple action of bursting through the glass to get to the player. It can rush the player at a very high speed, and its attacks are quite quick and damaging.

The designers have explained the unique face of the pinky demon by describing how it is born: a newborn Pinky's face is buried under thick folds of flesh (that do not, unlike other animals, undergo apoptosis), and the animal must consume itself to breathe and eat, similar to how some babies require cannibalizing their own mothers upon birth. It should be noted in some places in the Hell level of Doom 3, the organic half of this demon can be found hanging on meat hooks. Why they are there is unknown, but they could be used as a food source. Pinky Demons are also known to pursue the wanderer until dead, so a simple shotgun blast or two should put them down.

In the movie, Doom, the Pinky is the mutated security person nicknamed 'Pinky'. his lower half was transported to another galaxy by an accident in the Ark.

Maggot
The Maggot has a similar appearance to the Imp but it is slightly smaller and has more of a green skin tone. When angered, it can stand up and rush at the player. Instead of one head, it has two which both feature orange eyes. Its frame is monkey-like which makes it move on all five of its legs (3 on one side 2 on the other). Its back has blade-like parts sticking out from these two large red fleshy areas, possibly there for self defense. They also have a long red tongue (one for each head) which is possibly used for feeding with. They are capable of crawling on walls and other surfaces, which the Imp does as well, supporting the idea of a possible relation. When the player first encounters maggots there is a very unfortunate scientist that has been pinned up to the ceiling and has had a pre-death autopsy (presumably by the maggots). It is not clear it may be that that the poor fellow is a living food source for the demons or that they are just inquisitive creatures and dissect humans (alive or dead) for there own strange interest.

Maggots lack the fire ball attack of the Imp and other hell demons but still feature mêlée attacks. They are relatively weak compared to some other demons but their speed and ferocity make up for that.

The designers commented that this demon was drawn in various forms before deciding on the form we see today. It was apparently inspired by a photo of a two headed frog. Despite the name, they do not resemble real maggots in the slightest.

Trite
The Trite is a spider-like demon that is composed of an upside-down human head (with multiple eyes), with six legs sprouting from the base, getting close to the back of a trite reveals a spinal cord appearing from the back of the head and curling down to the lower area of the body; this may suggest that, like a lost soul, a trite may be a demonic mutation of a human head. This is alluded to since the Trites (like the lost souls which have a proven human origin) do not dissolve into embers like the other demons do when they are slain. They attack with leaping bites, and though they are quite weak individually, they tend to appear in large groups, appearing from cracks and holes normally behind a player or they rappel down from the ceiling using their webbing. Their appearance is reminicent of one form of the creature in the horror movie "The Thing (film)".

Tick
The Tick resembles the Trite, though the head portion is smoother, and its attack varies in the aspect that they explode on contact, making them suicide bombers, after a fashion. On lesser difficulties, the Tick can be found in only one place in the game (in the side hallway adjacent to Delta Lab level 4) and lack the exploding attack, preferring to bite the player in a similar manner as the trites. In this situation, the ticks are extremely weak and even a few pistol shots is enough to destroy them. Otherwise, they often surprise their enemies emerging out of cracks in the ceiling, floor or walls. The Tick's 'head' more obviously resembles a human female, and in particular the Vagary monster's head which might mean that they are the vagary's offspring.

Lost Soul
Lost Souls are flying human heads, propelled by mechanical jets placed in the rear of the head. Though their faces are obviously human, they have long fangs that are used in their method of attack. Like other weaker enemies of the game they appear in packs looking for victims, they fly quite quickly through spaces and they perform a lunge (almost like a cherubs, except they don't arch they just fly straight forward) to deliver an attack. Tears can be seen streaming down the faces of Lost Souls if the player gets close enough, and a memorable, gruesome cutscene in the game sees a female UAC employee transformed into one; her entire head and spinal column are torn clear from her body, at which point the head jettisons the spine. This cutscene is seen during the energy processing facility chapter. In several cutscenes in Doom 3, flying ghost-like skulls fly about possessing humans. These skulls closely resemble the Lost Souls from the classic Doom games but are invulnerable and do not take any interest in attacking the player (although they do manage to zombify almost all of the humans in the UAC base apart from you). The design of Lost Souls was modified several times between Doom 3's E3 2001 presentation and its release in 2004.

Cherub
The Cherub is a small demon. Its lower half is an insect's abdomen and the back has insect-like wings. The upper half features two arms that end with clawed hands. Its eyes are pale and devoid of pupils. Whenever it flies around, it makes a buzzing noise and when it attacks, it emits a harsh screech. Sometimes just before entering a room or area with solely cherubs in it the player may hear a disturbing sound, emitted by the cherubs, which sounds like an infant making a gagging sound. It can only perform mêlée attacks, which consist of leaping at its enemies with a force that can knock them back and slashing with its claws. They have very limited durability, and are killed easily by grenades, although their agility can occasionally cause problems. Since its top half resembles a human infant, the Cherub is considered to be quite disturbing in appearance.

Usually when they are seen, the Mancubus is in the vicinity.

Cacodemon


Cacodemons are organic flying demons that are roughly sphere-like in appearance, resembling a large, inflated demonic head that floats across areas slowly but upon seeing the player the creature will close in on you and start attacking. They have several eyes and a large mouth filled with multiple rows of teeth. Though they do attack with these teeth at close range, their main attack is a long-range lightingball launched from the mouth. Their lightingballs are almost identical to the Imps' besides the linear trajectory, structure, and larger splash radius (see chart).

Hell Knight
The Hell Knight is a gigantic humanoid that vaguely resembles the Shambler from Quake, the xenomorphs from the Alien movies and the Elite from Halo. Hell Knights are gray-skinned towering hulks that are of prodigious weight, causing loud thuds and minor ground-shaking as they walk. Their huge muscular frames lend them tremendous physical strength, able to send a man flying twenty or so feet away with a simple backhand-slap. An in-game exhibition of their spine indicates they have a massive skeleton as well. They are often called "Imps on steroids".

Their heads are hunched forward, supported on their thick neck and trapezius muscles, with exposed mouths that permanently salivate. It is commonly believed that they feature no eyes, ears, or nose. While the latter two have yet to be found, upon closer inspection one will find that there are two blue-colored beady eyes in the fleshy, torn skin above their mouths. Their upper bodies are vaguely humanoid; the rib cage deepened to make way for the head, and bearing only four clawed extremities on their hands, opposable thumb included. Their leg structure is in the manner of a goat's hind legs, much like depictions of Satan or satyrs, although theirs terminate in feet with clawed toes, not hooves. Likewise with the rest of the frame, the musculature is large and prominent. When a Hell Knight is encountered in the Hell level, its skin is dark green, appears rocky, and is oddly similar in shape and color scheme to a UAC marine's armor. It bears a pentagram on its head. They rank among the toughest of the non-boss enemies within the games.

When a player encounters Hell Knights, it is advised they stay away from them and avoid using shotguns, as the Hell Knights' deadliest attacks are close-ranged. Long-range weapons (perferablly the rocket launcher or BFG9000, or even a machine gun if the player doesn't have those 2 weapons) are therefore recommended to dispatch them. A fully-charged soul cube is the best choice of all.

Hell Knights attack in four ways. They can manifest balls of plasma which they throw, perform the aforementioned backhand-slap, a downward slashing motion with their claws or by a vicious bite. Their tremendous endurance allows them to survive even the most powerful weapons at least once, including the BFG 9000 unless charged up for a more powerful blast. The Hell Knight also appeared in the expansion pack, Resurrection of Evil. However, its place as the second strongest non-boss enemy was usurped by the fearsome Bruiser.

In the book The Making of Doom 3, sound designer Ed Lima describes how he aimed for a "Jurassic Park/dinosaur kind of thing" for the Hell Knight's sound effects, which were created by a company called Danetracks.

The player will usually hear the sounds of the Hell Knight's footsteps, which is another reason to keep your ears open.

Mancubus


The Mancubus is a gargantuan demon with an elephant-like head. Its head has what looks like a trunk extending from under the eyes and connecting to the chest. Around where the "trunk" begins are what appear to be small tusks. If the player uses the noclip cheat in order to closely examine the Mancubus, suction cups like those of an octopus are visible, and so these "tusks" are more like tentacles. The suckers can also be seen in the cutscene where the player first encounters the Mancubus, when the creature is ramming its way through a grate. The designers commented that the face was inspired along the lines of Cthulhu and a shock site image of a man who took off his lower jaw from a gun shot.

Their main method of attack are fireballs launched from twin mechanical arm-cannons. They can also attack at close-range by slamming its cannons vertically. When close enough to the player, they can inflict impressive damage by crushing them with their rocket launchers. They also have the largest amount of health out of any non-boss enemy in the game. The best way to take them down is using plasma weapons and explosives, such as plasma gun, BFG9000, Rocket Launcher, and Grenades. A single Soul Cube attack can also kill a Mancubus with full health.

Also of note is that almost every Mancubus in Doom 3 is accompanied by much smaller Cherubs.

Revenant


The Revenant is an animated humanoid with transparent flesh, making it look like a walking skeleton. Its eyes glow a blue-green color, and the creature emits a dinosaur-like screech when nearby. The Revenant attacks with homing missiles launched from shoulder-mounted rocket launchers. As the game progresses, it is discovered the Revenant shoots its rockets by nerve reactions. It can also attack with a slash at close range. It is a quite quick demon, most probably the quickest creature in the game, meaning that the creature takes less time to get to the players position if the player is holding his ground. At close range it is best to dodge the revenant and its clawing attacks. According to the developers, the Doom 3 Revenant was supposed to be closer in design to the original Doom II monster. The introduction of the transparent skin was originally only a guide to compare the model with that of a normal human, but the modeller liked the change.

It has also been stated by the modeller that the Revenant was once human but had Hell's technology implanted into it which distorted the skin and formed the demon.

Wraith
The Wraith is a hunched-over humanoid demon with long, scythe-like claws at the end of each arm. Its head is partially insect-like, with two mandibles over its mouth. The Wraith lacks the fire ball attack of the Imp but it has the unique ability to teleport in small jaunts. It will do this until it closes in on its opponent and tear it to pieces with its two long, scthye-like, claws. Due to the teleportation, they are tough to strike. However, they have the same endurance as an Imp. It can be said that the Wraith shares certain similarities with the Imp and the Maggot, and is often considered to be related.

Arch-Vile
The Arch-Vile is a lean, pale humanoid demon with a bulbous head, long claws, and heart-like tumors on each hand. It has the ability to summon other demons from Hell to its side for aid, as well as being able to attack by shooting a wave of flame along the ground towards the player, and like in the original Doom games, they can also momentarily set the player on fire. They can be one of the toughest enemies of the game; kill them before you focus on other enemies. The Soul cube is an ideal weapon to use against this demon, as the lesser demons that the Arch Vile summons can be used to recharge the cube.

Vagary
The Vagary is the first boss in Doom 3.

While the other demons appear to be male or maybe sexless, the Vagary is a female. The upper half of the demon is the pale torso of a woman, featuring six spider-like eyes, bony arms, breasts lacking nipples, and a bald head. The bottom half is a black, headless&mdash;as the head is assumed to be on the upper half&mdash;spider with a large, transparent abdomen. Inside the abdomen appears to be a large human or mancubus fetus. She is considered the mother of the spider-like demons, the Trites and Ticks. The fetus on her abdomen is likely what she uses to give birth to them, if she does at all. She is considered as one of the most disturbing demons in the game, due to her appearance. When she is first seen, her lair is a large room with web strewn everywhere. Along the ceiling, hanging human victims entangled in the web can be seen struggling to get free until they suddenly stop moving (either suffocated by the thick webbing or from a possible poison that the vagary uses to paralise or kill its prey).

Her methods of attacking are claw slashes at mêlée range and telekinesis, which is used to hurl large, spiked rocks (possibly a rigid egg sac, as they are seen in all lairs of Vagaries) at range. Late in the game, two more Vagaries, who behave in the same way but are reddish in color (indicating that they may possess limited camouflage), are fought simultaneously.

The Vagary could have been a replacement for the Arachnotron and the Spider Mastermind enemies from the previous Doom games.

She also bears a peripheral resemblance to the spider goddess Lolth, main deity of the Drow in the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. Her appearance also resembles the Vore of Quake.

The Guardian of Hell
The Guardian of Hell, or simply known as Guardian, is the second boss in Doom 3. It is seen exclusively when the player reaches the end of the Hell level. However, in the expansion pack Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil, the head of the Guardian is engraved on some stone tablets. This could mean that either the Guardian left Hell to assist in the invasion, some of Mars' civilization saw it in Hell, or it was simply aesthetically pleasing to the game's designers.

The Guardian looks vaguely like a Tyrannosaurus rex (the designers commented that the Guardian's appearance was driven by the idea of a pre-human Hell, with the Guardian a demonic opposite of dinosaurs), but with larger and more muscular arms ending in large round fists that appear to contain cracks full of lava, muscular legs with hooves, a hunched upper body, a very long tail that ends with a ball with cracks full of lava in it, an armored back with traces of lava, and a head that has stereotypical demonic horns. It is blind (due to age, according to the designers), and what remains of its eyes are shallow pits. It summons much smaller (and possibly cybernetic) creatures dubbed Seekers to "see" for it and locate its targets. Once its Seekers locate the player, the Guardian charges towards the player with crushing force. The best way to deal with the Seekers is to use the rocket launcher, due to its high splash damage. Its refuge is a large area of Hell that is filled with large pillars of rock.

Its primary attacks consist of punching with its large fists and pounding the ground, which emits spheres of energy that damage its target. It has a weak point: if the Guardian's seekers are destroyed, a glowing orb of energy appears out of an opening in the Guardian's back. Severely damaging this orb will kill the Guardian. After killing the beast, the Soul Cube is released and its body does not dissolve (unlike some other demons).

It is possible that the monster's blindness, in combination with its name, is a reference to the heavy metal band Blind Guardian, though this has not been verified.

Sabaoth
Sabaoth, or Sarge, is the third boss in Doom 3. Sabaoth is the demonified and mechanized form of Sergeant Kelly. His torso, head, and arms are mounted on a tank-like base. What remains of his body has been horribly mangled and devastated, merging with the mechanical parts grafted onto him, much like the Strogg in Quake II and Quake IV. He attacks with the BFG stolen from Jack Campbell, as well as being able to run over the player. He can also attack with the small mechanical claw mounted on his right arm. If the Soul Cube is "charged", it is very easy to kill him: one attack with the Soul Cube plus five direct rockets on the torso will kill him on any difficulty level.

The Player can also run at The Sabaoth and use the Chainsaw to kill him in seconds, but the player can take an extreme amount of damage and it is not the best strategy to use when low on health.

Cyberdemon


The Cyberdemon is the final boss of Doom 3, and cannot be hurt with conventional firepower; instead, the player has to utilize the most powerful weapon in Doom 3, the Soul Cube, to kill it. However, when playing in a cooperative mode, (Xbox Live) the Cyberdemon can also be killed using conventional firepower.

The Cyberdemon is by far the largest monster in the game, towering several meters over the player, and is a gruesome mixture of both demonic and cybernetic parts. His main attack is with the rocket launcher mounted on his right arm, opposite from its location in the classic "Doom" games. He can also eliminate opponents by stepping on them, ending the players life instantly even on full health.

Many players complained about the fact that the Cyberdemon is no longer vulnerable to the other weapons, and thus, a mod was released just some weeks after the release of Doom 3 that made the new Cyberdemon vulnerable to conventional weapons again. Future source ports for Doom 3 may have settings allowing the Cyberdemon to be vulnerable to conventional weapons.

Forgotten One
The Forgotten One's form is an echo to the original Lost Soul's shape in the previous Doom games, excluding its form in Doom 3. It is a flying skull with two demon horns, and floats with a stream of flame behind it. Its only attack is flying towards its enemy and biting. The Doom 3 incarnation of the Lost Soul does not appear in the expansion pack so the Forgotten One could either just be the replacement for the Lost Soul or perhaps a relative.

Vulgar
The Vulgar resembles an Imp although there are some bodily differences. The Vulgar have only two eyes that have an orange glow. They are slightly shorter and have a monkey-like frame instead of human. Due to this, they move on all four legs but will sometimes stand up on their hind legs when angered. Unlike the Imp, they support a long tail, their bellies have small insect-like limbs attached to them and their lower jaw is designed like an insect's mouth parts. They also differ from the imp because they have plasmaballs instead of fireballs. Their plasmaball attack is comparable to the Hell Knight's version, though it is significantly weaker - even weaker than the imp's fireball. The Vulgar's plasmaball is unique to any other attack in the whole of Doom 3 in the way that it reaches the player. Instead of it being projected straight towards the marine, it "archs" or "dips". This makes it harder for the player to anticipate the splash location of the plasmaball and therefore makes up for the Vulgar's rather puny physique. The other attacks consist of leaps and claw slashing. They have a mechanical-like growl that they emit in each attack and are capable of crawling on walls and other surfaces. Also, unlike other monsters, its spawning cloud is cyan rather than orange.

The Vulgar was originally planned to appear in Doom 3. It was stated to be the Arch-Vile, but was scrapped and its appearance was saved for the expansion pack.

Bruiser
The aptly named Bruiser has a large muscular body in the vein of a Hell Knight and identical mechanical features of a Mancubus, although both creatures' robotic parts look different. It is also slightly taller than the Hell Knight. Its feet feature robotic hooves, both arms are giant fire ball launchers and the head is a sight to behold. It has two demon horns on the far back of its head, facing outward and the front has two yellow eyes with no pupils. Above the eyes are two yellow rings. The mouth is actually a large TV-screen that connects to the head with a fleshy-tube. On the screen is a close up of a (presumed) angry human mouth, showing only gums and teeth. The TV-screen also displays an eyeball upon sighting an enemy. The mouth sometimes opens and closes as the beast moves. Its back has what appears to be a visible, robotic spine.

Seen early in Doom 3's development, the Bruiser's unique TV-like mouth was intended to be another way of surprising the player. The player would walk up to what appeared to be a typical computer terminal, and the terminal would change and the Bruiser would reveal its entire self. This, however, does not happen in any point in the game.

The Bruiser attacks by rapidly firing its cannons which will quickly kill almost any opponent. Its endurance is even higher than that of the Hell Knight or the Mancubus. The best ways to kill it are to either shoot the TV screen with the strongest weapons available, or to use the beserk power from the Artifact and attack with the fists. Two double-barreled shotgun blasts or one punch will kill it whilst in beserk mode.

Hell Hunters
The Hell Hunters are creatures resembling Hell Knights sent from Hell (presumable by Bertruger and Maledict) to track down The Artifact and the human who wields it. There are 3 different Hell Hunters, the Helltime Hunter (able to move quickly as if it could slow down time, which does happen when you wield the artifact after killing it), the Berserker Hunter (able to deal significant damage by attacking the player with melee attacks), and the Invulnerablity Hunter (which can become invulnerable by feeding on the generators in the room it is battled in), who are fought separately throughout the game. When one is killed, the Artifact becomes stronger, appearing as if the Hell Hunter's soul or life essence is absorbed into the Artifact.

Maledict


The Maledict is the final boss in Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil.

The Maledict looks like a dragon with a large set of wings, two legs with clawed feet, a long tail and a head shaped like a demon skull. It has empty eye sockets (and is thus possibly blind or sees via supernatural powers) and emits a loud, piercing scream. It is not known whether Betruger is a part of the monster or if he is controlling it. Either way, he does not seem to mind, as he apparently sees his new form as preferential to staying human (referring to everyone as "Mortals" in Resurrection,), most probably meaning that he has completely let his almost invulnerable state power his ego. Resurrection's ending cinematic shows that the demon is very large compared to humans, able to swallow them whole. The only other demons that are the same size as it are The Guardian of Hell and the Cyberdemon.

The final battle consists of two phases. In the first phase, the airborne Maledict summons Forgotten Ones to attack the player. It also uses its Flamewall attack to emit a stream of fire much like that of the Arch-Vile. After the Maledict's health has been reduced to less than 25%, the second phase of the battle begins. Maledict's health is reset to 5,000, and the demon proceeds to retreat to the volcano on the battlefield and rains down fireballs from the sky. It also continues to use its Flamewall attack, which deals massive damage to the player. All of the Maledict's attacks are also able to penetrate the invincibility granted by the Artifact.

To defeat the Maledict, the player is to use the Artifact; taking advantage of hell-time to dodge Maledicts attacks and to give you a good shot at the boss as when it is flying it can be quite hard to hit. The player should fire at the Maledict using his strongest weapons (preferably the BFG9000) with greater accuracy.

When the Maledict's 5,000 hit points have been exhausted, the ending cinematic shows the demon lunging at the Marine with its mouth. The Marine passes out. When he wakes up, he is greeted by Dr. Betruger's head on the Maledict's tongue. Dr. Betruger says, "Return what is ours," referring to the Artifact. The angry Marine shoves the Artifact into the Maledict's mouth, resulting in a massive explosion that kills the Maledict and Dr. Betruger, whose skull is seen rolling out onto the ground. The screen whites out completely and the voice of Dr. Elizabeth McNeil is heard saying, "Marine… marine, welcome home!" This final scene is ambiguous and open to interpretation.