Master of Orion II: Battle at Antares/Some effective race designs

This page presents a few effective race designs. Try them first, and then start experimenting. Most of these designs, except for "Blitz races", are for the medium to long-term, usually in Medium or larger galaxies with Pre-warp or Average Tech starts. And all are for standard 'MOO II - we can't predict which mods you will use. The race names generally follow the conventions used in most online discussions.

Basic principles
This summarizes the main points in the discussion of race design options.

Population is power
This is a common saying among MOO II players and it's 99% true. More people = more money and some combination of more research and more production.

More precisely, research + production = power. Farming not an objective, it's a requirement in order to support your workers and scientists. That's why Lithovore races are sometimes good: they accept a reduced total population in order to maximize production and (especially) research from the start. The reduction in population has 2 consequences: reduced cash income, which they should make up by researching building Spaceports and Stock Exchanges; and a reduced vote in meetings of the Galactic Council, which can be a factor in single-player games but is very unlikely to be a factor in multi-player (no other player will vote for the one with the largest population).

A later section will tell you how to grow your population fast.

All race designs take a gamble on something
In standard ''MOO II' it's impossible to design a "best in all situations" race.

Production versus research races
MOO II is not perfectly balanced between production-oriented and research-oriented races - in practise production-oriented have the advantage most of the time. The main reason for this is that Colony Ships are large construction projects for small, low-tech economies (500 construction points), so production races colonize faster. This gives them higher populations in the short term; and when the production races construct research buildings on their new colonies they eventually out-research the research races because they have more colonies and therefore more research buildings.

UniAqua
A gambler's race: if this race finds a few "wet" planets (Tundra, Ocean, Swamp, Terran) early in the game, it quickly becomes a monster in both production and research: If UniAqua finds "wet" planets, it should research and build Cloning Centers early to maximize population growth.
 * Unification [7]: farmimg and production advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity
 * +2 Industry [6]: this race is production-oriented!
 * Rich Homeworld [2]: maximizes homeworld production and increases the maximum production achievable there before pollution starts to hurt. This race colonizes very fast!
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

UniTol
Works well in most starting positions (good or bad); its gamble is that a nearby aggressor will not take advantage of UniTol's slow early research: This race's weakness is slow early research, because its only farming bonus is Unification; so it should research and build Soil Enrichment early (1 extra food per farmer). Because of the slow early research, it can be vulnerable to blitzes.
 * Unification [7]: farming and production advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Tolerant [10]: no pollution so can build flat out when desired; similar maximum populations to UniAqua
 * +1 Industry [3]: this race is even more production-oriented, because it's also Tolerant.
 * Large Homeworld [1]: use that last Pick.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

DemoLithArti
The fastest possible early research (if you ignore Creative's "two for the price of one" deals), and improved cash income, but with lower maximum populations: DemoLithArti's main weakness is that it has no traits that increase maximum populations. Biospheres (increase maximum population by 2 when built) and later Terraforming will be important (although Terraforming can have high production costs, diverting effort from ship construction). This race does best if it can kill a monster guarding a planet with a large population capacity early in the game; its research advantages will provide the tools to do this. Later in the mid-game Android Workers / Scientists will boost its population (Androids are Tolerant, so you can add Androids to a colonoy that has reache dits maxiumum biological population). DemoLithArti has no industrial production bonus; but it should be able to research and build Automated Factories and Robo-Miners very quickly; and its cash advantage enables it to buy things.
 * Democratic [6]: extra research and cash
 * Lithovore [10]- no farmers needed, gets extra scientists
 * Artifacts Homeworld [3] - +2 research on homeworld; assumes that this race will get Research Labs and Supercomputers by the time other colonies are ready to start researching.
 * Large Homeworld [1] - use that last Pick; maximizes the number of scientists that get the benefit of Artifacts Homeworld.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2] - the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

DictLithSubArti
Researches fast and can also build up a large population; but quite weak at early production and expansion: This race gets Automated Factories very quickly to compensate for its weaker production; and its cash advantage enables it to buy things. After that it should research either Robo-Miners to boost production or Cloning Centers to take advantage of its high maximum populations.
 * Dictatorship [0]: the best government this race can afford, since its other positive trais are expensive.
 * Lithovore [10]: no farmers needed, gets extra scientists
 * Subterranean [6]: gives the largest boost to maximum populations.
 * Artifacts Homeworld [3] - +2 research on homeworld; assumes that this race will get Research Labs and Supercomputers by the time other colonies are ready to start researching.
 * Large Homeworld [1] - use that last Pick; maximizes the number of scientists that get the benefit of Artifacts Homeworld.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2] - the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

UniAquaProdSci
This race gambles on getting early "wet" planets, and becomes a monster if it gets a few. This race is also a very dangerous blitzer if it finds a less advanced empire nearby - it's not the fastest to build ships initially, but speeds up as it researches and builds Robo-miners; then each warship it makes is probably better than the last because it researches fast.
 * Unification [7]: farmimg and production advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity
 * +1 Industry [3]: good but not extreme production.
 * +1 Science [3]: good but not extreme research.
 * Rich Homeworld [2]: maximizes homeworld production and increases the maximum production achievable there before pollution starts to hurt. This race colonizes quite fast!
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

DemoAquaCash
This unusual race is sometimes described as a research race but it's really more of a balanced race: it sacrifices part of its research advantage to generate very serious money, and uses that to get fast production rather than building things the hard way. It also gambles on getting "wet" planets early. This race can and should get Automated Factories very quickly to compensate for its weaker production; and its cash advantage enables it to buy things when half-built (the optimum point for buying, explained later). Maximizing population growth will maximize the cash advantage (more taxpayers), and its research; so Cloning Centers are important for this race. If there are few "wet" planets nearby, Terraforming is important, and this race can afford to buy rapid completion of Terraforming projects.
 * Democratic [6]: extra research and cash
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity on "wet" planets.
 * +1 BC [8]: usually a poor choice, but this race is designed to make good use of it.
 * Large Homeworld [1]: use that last Pick.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2] - the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

Creative races
Remember that Creative is controversial and 2-edged! Creative races often get crushed early but, if given time to develop, can win hugely - but to do so they must be very aggressive once they have a few decent warships.

Since Creative races usually have no production bonus, they are slow to build warships, so stockpiling production is important for them (covered later).

For the same reasons their younger colonies are vulnerable. And in the early game they can't afford large fleets because they have very few starbases (these cost 400 construction points, i.e. they're major construction projects for new colonies). They can minimize this vulnerability as follows:
 * Research Missile Bases
 * Research Radiation Shields. These completely block damage from low-tech weapons.
 * At new colonies that look most vulnerable, after building Automated Factories and possibly Robo-Miners (production boosters), stockpile enough production (this technique is covered later) for a Radiation Shield and Missile Base, but don't build them until needed (this saves maintenance costs).
 * Then use these colonies to increase your population at more developed colonies (the techniques are covered later).

UniAquaCre
This race gambles on getting "wet" planets nearby. If it does not get them, it's weaker than CreLithxxx because UniAquaCre can't fully exploit its population and and farming advantages until it terraforms (mid-game tech; fairly expensive construction) while CreLithxxx gets a technology lead because it does not need to farm. This race needs to maximize homeworld population and then, if it has "wet" colonies, their population too - a later page will cover population growth techniques. Since it has neither production nor cash bonuses, it must pre-build everything well in advance (another technique that's covered later).
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Unification [7]: farming and production advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

UniCreLgeRich
This avoids the gamble on getting "wet" planets, at the cost of reduced farming efficiency and reduced population capacity on the homeworld. Its industrial advantages help it to colonize faster, but feeding the new colonists without Aquatic will reduce its early research. The food problem can be minimized by moving population from the new colonies to the homeworld, but that has lower population capacity than UniAquaCre so UniCreLgeRich needs to kill a space monster and get a good large planet as early as possible to avoid a slowdown in either research or population growth - the Rich Homeworld helps in building a monster-killing fleet.
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Unification [7]: farming and production advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * +1 Industry [3]
 * Rich Homeworld [2]
 * Large Homeword [1]
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

DemoAquaCreLge
Another gamble on getting "wet" worlds to colonize. This one sacrifices production and farming bonuses for research and cash, so it needs to buy things at the right times; and it must beware of enemy spies, since Democracy is weak in defensive spying operations.
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Democracy [6]: research and cash advantages; no morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity
 * Large Homeworld [1]: use the last Pick; maximize early homeworld research.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

DictAquaSubCreLge
Yet another gamble on getting "wet" worlds to colonize. It is the riskiest of these gambles, because it sacrifices farming, production, research and cash bonuses for the highest long term population potential. These trade-offs make it a slower starter, so it really does not want early contact and very much prefers a large or huge galaxy with few players.
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Dictatorship [0]: The best government this race can afford, because Creative, Aquatic and Subterranean are expensive choices. No early advantages; morale penalty at new colonies.
 * Aquatic [5]: better farming and higher population capacity.
 * Subterranean [6]: Can build huge populations; even larger on "wet" planets because of Aquatic.
 * Large Homeworld [1]: use the last Pick; maximize early homeworld research.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

CreLithLge
Does not gamble on "wet" planets. Gets faster early research than UniAquaCre in all cases because it needs no farmers. But it has to turn this faster early research into longer-term advantages, otherwise UniAquaCre and the non-Creative races will out-research and out-produce it. Use population growth techniques to maximize early homeworld research.
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Lithovore [10]: no farmers means more scientists.
 * Large Homeworld [1]: maximize early homeworld research.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

CreLithRich
Another Creative race that does not gamble on "wet" planets. Gets slower early research but faster production and colonization than CreLithLge because it takes Rich homeworld rather than Large Homeworld. It also has to aim for longer-term advantages, otherwise UniAquaCre and the non-Creative races will out-research and out-produce it. This race needs to get some high capacity planets early to grow its population. If all the good ones are guarded by monsters, it should research monster-killing techs (covered later) as a fast as possible then use the Rich Homeworld bonus to crank out the ships (stockpiling production is essential here too).
 * Creative [8]: gets all the techs at each level.
 * Lithovore [10]: no farmers means more scientists.
 * Rich Homeworld [2]: maximize early homeworld production, reduce losses due to pollution.
 * Repulsive [-6], -10 Ground combat [-2], -20 Ship Defense [-2]: the standard negative picks, to get the total down to / below 20.

Blitz races
This section is about the all-out rushing "glory or death" types, not about the later but more sustainable blitzing style of some non-Creative research-oriented or balanced races described above. The blitz races described here are strongest in small galaxies, where all other empires's colonies are fairly close; they are risky in medium galaxies; and they are usually hopeless in larger galaxies because there's usually some race that's out of range and building up a huge industrial and technological lead.

FeuLithTol
Feudal [-4]: ship construction costs 67%; research per scientist 50%. Lithovore: [