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| Trait | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Aggressive | Free promotion (Combat I) for Melee and Gunpowder units. Double production speed of Barracks and Drydock. |
| Charismatic | +1 Happiness per City. -25% XP needed for Unit Promotions. +1 Happiness from Monument and Broadcast Tower. |
| Creative | +2 Culture per city Double production speed of Library, Theater, and Colosseum |
| Expansive | +2 Health per City. 25% Faster production of Worker. Double production speed of Granary and Harbor. |
| Financial | +1 Gold on Plots with 2 Gold. |
| Imperialistic - | +100% Great General emergence. +50% faster production of Settler. |
| Industrious | +50% Wonder Production. Double production speed of Forge. |
| Organized | -50% Civic Upkeep. Double production speed of Lighthouse, Factory, and Courthouse. |
| Philosophical | +100% Great Person Birth Rate. Double production speed of University. |
| Protective | Free Promotion (City Garrison I and Drill I) for Archery and Gunpowder Units. Double production speed of Walls and Castle. |
| Spiritual | No Anarchy. Double production speed of Temple |
| Empire | Unique Unit | Unique Building | Leader(s) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Americans | Navy SEAL (Marine) | Mall (Supermarket) | Lincoln | Charismatic | Philosophical |
| Americans | Navy SEAL (Marine) | Mall (Supermarket) | Roosevelt | Industrious | Organized |
| Americans | Navy SEAL (Marine) | Mall (Supermarket) | Washington | Charismatic | Expansive |
| Arabian | Camel Archer (Knight) | Madrassa (Library) | Saladin | Protective | Spiritual |
| Aztec | Jaguar (Swordsman) | Sacrificial Altar (Courthouse) | Montezuma | Aggressive | Spiritual |
| Babylonian | Bowman (Archer) | Garden (Colosseum) | Hammurabi | Aggressive | Organized |
| Byzantine | Cataphract (Knight) | Hippodrome (Theater) | Justinian I | Imperialistic | Spiritual |
| Carthaginian | Numidan Cavalry (Horse Archer) | Cothon (Harbor) | Hannibal | Charismatic | Financial |
| Celtic | Gallic Warrior (Swordsman) | Dun (Walls) | Boudica | Aggressive | Charismatic |
| Celtic | Gallic Warrior (Swordsman) | Dun (Walls) | Brennus | Charismatic | Spiritual |
| Chinese | Chu-Ko-Nu (Crossbowman) | Pavilion (Theater) | Mao Zedong | Expansive | Protective |
| Chinese | Chu-Ko-Nu (Crossbowman) | Pavilion (Theater) | Qin Shi Huang | Industrious | Protective |
| Dutch | East Indiaman (Galleon) | Dike (Levee) | Willem van Oranje | Creative | Financial |
| Egyptian | War Chariot (Chariot) | Obelisk (Monument) | Hatshepsut | Creative | Spiritual |
| Egyptian | War Chariot (Chariot) | Obelisk (Monument) | Ramesses II | Industrious | Spiritual |
| English | Redcoat (Rifleman) | Stock Exchange (Bank) | Churchill | Charismatic | Protective |
| English | Redcoat (Rifleman) | Stock Exchange (Bank) | Elizabeth | Financial | Philosophical |
| English | Redcoat (Rifleman) | Stock Exchange (Bank) | Victoria | Financial | Imperialistic |
| Ethiopian | Oromo Warrior (Musketman) | Stele (Monument) | Zara Yaqob | Creative | Organized |
| French | Musketeer (Musketman) | Salon (Observatory) | De Gaulle | Charismatic | Imperialistic |
| French | Musketeer (Musketman) | Salon (Observatory) | Louis XIV | Creative | Imperialistic |
| French | Musketeer (Musketman) | Salon (Observatory) | Napoleon | Charismatic | Organized |
| German | Panzer (Tank) | Assembly Plant (Factory) | Bismarck | Expansive | Industrious |
| German | Panzer (Tank) | Assembly Plant (Factory) | Frederick | Organized | Philosophical |
| Greek | Phalanx (Axeman) | Odeon (Colosseum) | Alexander | Aggressive | Philosophical |
| Greek | Phalanx (Axeman) | Odeon (Colosseum) | Pericles | Creative | Philosophical |
| Holy Roman | Landsknecht (Pikeman) | Rathaus (Courthouse) | Charlemagne | Imperialistic | Protective |
| Incan | Quechua (Warrior) | Terrace (Granary) | Huayna Capac | Financial | Industrious |
| Indian | Fast Worker (Worker) | Mausoleum (Jail) | Asoka | Organized | Spiritual |
| Indian | Fast Worker (Worker) | Mausoleum (Jail) | Gandhi | Philosophical | Spiritual |
| Japanese | Samurai (Maceman) | Shale Plant (Coal Plant) | Tokugawa | Aggressive | Protective |
| Khmer | Ballista Elephant (War Elephant) | Baray (Aqueduct) | Suryavarman II | Creative | Expansive |
| Korean | Hwacha (Catapult) | Seowon (University) | Wang Kon | Financial | Protective |
| Malinese | Skirmisher (Archer) | Mint (Forge) | Mansa Musa | Financial | Spiritual |
| Maya | Holkan (Spearman) | Ball Court (Colosseum) | Pacal II | Expansive | Financial |
| Mongolian | Keshik (Horse Archer) | Ger (Stable) | Genghis Khan | Aggressive | Imperialistic |
| Mongolian | Keshik (Horse Archer) | Ger (Stable) | Kublai Kahn | Aggressive | Creative |
| Native American | Dog Soldier (Axeman) | Totem Pole (Monument) | Sitting Bull | Philosophical | Protective |
| Ottoman | Janissary (Musketman) | Hammam (Aqueduct) | Mehmed II | Expansive | Organized |
| Ottoman | Janissary (Musketman) | Hammam (Aqueduct) | Suleiman | Imperialistic | Philosophical |
| Persian | Immortal (Chariot) | Apothecary (Grocer) | Cyrus | Charismatic | Imperialistic |
| Persian | Immortal (Chariot) | Apothecary (Grocer) | Darius I | Financial | Organized |
| Portuguese | Carrack (Caravel) | Feitoria (Customs House) | Joao II | Expansive | Imperialistic |
| Roman | Praetorian (Swordsman) | Forum (Market) | Augustus Caesar | Imperialistic | Industrious |
| Roman | Praetorian (Swordsman) | Forum (Market) | Julius Caesar | Imperialistic | Organized |
| Russian | Cossack (Cavalry) | Research Institute (Labratory) | Catherine | Creative | Imperialistic |
| Russian | Cossack (Cavalry) | Research Institute (Labratory) | Peter | Expansive | Philosophical |
| Russian | Cossack (Cavalry) | Research Institute (Labratory) | Stalin | Aggressive | Industrious |
| Spanish | Conquistador (Cuirassier) | Citadel (Castle) | Isabella | Expansive | Spiritual |
| Sumerian | Vulture (Axeman) | Ziggurat (Courthouse) | Gilgamesh | Creative | Protective |
| Viking | Berserker (Maceman) | Trading Post (Lighthouse) | Ragnar | Aggressive | Financial |
| Zulu | Impi (Spearman) | Ikhanda (Barracks) | Shaka | Aggressive | Expansive |